Explain the term 'grounding' in electrical systems.

Grounding in electrical systems refers specifically to the practice of connecting part of an electrical system to the earth for safety purposes. This connection provides a reference point for voltages in the system and enhances safety by allowing excess electricity to be safely dissipated into the ground. This is crucial in preventing electric shock hazards, protecting equipment from lightning strikes and surges, and ensuring that the electrical system operates correctly and reliably.

Establishing a grounding connection helps to protect both people and equipment by ensuring that, in the event of a fault or failure, there is a low-resistance path for the fault current, which can help trigger protective devices like circuit breakers or fuses to turn off the electrical supply. In essence, grounding creates a safeguard that reduces risks associated with electrical faults, increasing the overall safety of the electrical installation.

The other options address various aspects of electrical systems, but they do not capture the specific purpose and importance of grounding accurately. For example, connecting voltage to a power supply and creating a closed circuit are operational principles, while isolating the electrical system from external sources relates more to preventing surges or interference rather than ensuring safety through grounding.